Based on the nature of the chronic LD, anti-pathogenic treatments must meet following requirements: 

1. 
LD is a tick-borne disease is usually accompanied by multiple co-infections. Therefore, the anti-pathogens treatment must have a wide anti-microbial spectrum. 


2.
Due to the involvement of the central nervous system, the substances used for treating chronic Lyme disease must be able to penetrate the blood brain barrier. The treatment agent should be small in molecular weight and able to effectively penetrate the BBB. 

Constitutional and Supportive Treatments.

Bb and multiple co-infections trigger inflammations, such as arthritis, vasculitis, fibromyalgia, and peripheral neuropathy. This type of  inflammation is autoimmune in nature and often caused by the deposit of circulatory immune complex (CIC) at the joints, blood vessels, and muscle tissues. Treatment should be able to suppress autoimmunity and help the removal of the CIC deposits to relieve pain.

Treatment should be able to suppress the production of auto-antibodies (suppressing humeral immunity) and  promote the phagocytosis of the macrophages to remove CIC deposits. CNS symptoms, such as cognition disorders, memory loss, and mind fog, are caused by vasculitis, which blocks blood infusion to the brain and results in ischemia. In order to improve brain functions, vasculitis should be controlled while blood infusion to the brain is increased. In order to promote the repair of LD damaged tissues in the joints, muscles, brain, and peripheral nerves,  increasing blood infusion to these tissues is very important. While suppressing humeral immunity, we also need to enhance cellular immunity at the same time to enhance the body’s ability to eliminate the pathogens.